{"id":243,"date":"2024-03-12T00:48:10","date_gmt":"2024-03-11T22:48:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/synergia.website\/?p=243"},"modified":"2026-10-05T21:56:19","modified_gmt":"2026-10-05T19:56:19","slug":"como-ejecutar-comandos-dentro-de-un-contenedor-docker-guia-completa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/synergia.website\/ca\/como-ejecutar-comandos-dentro-de-un-contenedor-docker-guia-completa\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f3mo Ejecutar Comandos Dentro de un Contenedor Docker: Gu\u00eda Completa"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style id=\"synergia-single-post-style\">\n\n  body.single-post,\n  body.single-post #page-container,\n  body.single-post #et-main-area,\n  body.single-post #main-content {\n    background-color: #07090e !important;\n    color: #e2e8f0 !important;\n    font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \"Segoe UI\", Roboto, \"Helvetica Neue\", Arial, sans-serif !important;\n  }\n  body.single-post #main-header {\n    background-color: rgba(7, 9, 14, 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!important;\n    border-radius: 5px !important;\n    padding: 3px 8px !important;\n    font-family: ui-monospace, \"SF Mono\", Consolas, \"Courier New\", monospace !important;\n  }\n  body.single-post .entry-content pre {\n    background: #090c12 !important;\n    border: 1px solid rgba(0, 242, 254, 0.25) !important;\n    border-radius: 10px !important;\n    padding: 20px !important;\n    box-shadow: inset 0 0 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) !important;\n  }\n  body.single-post .entry-content pre code {\n    background: transparent !important;\n    border: none !important;\n    padding: 0 !important;\n  }\n  body.single-post #sidebar {\n    border-left: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08) !important;\n    padding-left: 30px !important;\n  }\n  body.single-post #sidebar .widgettitle {\n    color: #00f2fe !important;\n    font-weight: 700 !important;\n    text-transform: uppercase !important;\n    font-size: 13px !important;\n    letter-spacing: 0.08em !important;\n  }\n  body.single-post #sidebar a {\n    color: #94a3b8 !important;\n  }\n  body.single-post #sidebar a:hover {\n    color: #00f2fe !important;\n  }\n\n  \/* MULTI-LANGUAGE SYSTEM *\/\n  .syn-lang-ca {\n    display: none !important;\n  }\n  .syn-lang-es {\n    display: inline !important;\n  }\n  div.syn-lang-block-es, p.syn-lang-block-es, h1.syn-lang-block-es, h2.syn-lang-block-es, h3.syn-lang-block-es {\n    display: block !important;\n  }\n\n  \/* Catalan *\/\n  body.translatepress-ca .syn-lang-es,\n  body.translatepress-ca .syn-lang-block-es,\n  html[lang*=\"ca\"] .syn-lang-es,\n  html[lang*=\"ca\"] .syn-lang-block-es {\n    display: none !important;\n  }\n  body.translatepress-ca .syn-lang-ca,\n  html[lang*=\"ca\"] .syn-lang-ca {\n    display: inline !important;\n  }\n  body.translatepress-ca div.syn-lang-block-ca,\n  body.translatepress-ca p.syn-lang-block-ca,\n  body.translatepress-ca h1.syn-lang-block-ca,\n  body.translatepress-ca h2.syn-lang-block-ca,\n  body.translatepress-ca h3.syn-lang-block-ca,\n  html[lang*=\"ca\"] div.syn-lang-block-ca,\n  html[lang*=\"ca\"] p.syn-lang-block-ca,\n  html[lang*=\"ca\"] h1.syn-lang-block-ca,\n  html[lang*=\"ca\"] h2.syn-lang-block-ca,\n  html[lang*=\"ca\"] h3.syn-lang-block-ca {\n    display: block !important;\n  }\n\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">Los contenedores Docker han revolucionado la forma en que los equipos de ingenier\u00eda desarrollan, distribuyen y ejecutan aplicaciones. Al proporcionar entornos aislados, homog\u00e9neos y reproducibles, facilitan la gesti\u00f3n de dependencias y la portabilidad entre diferentes plataformas. Sin duda, una de las tareas operativas m\u00e1s habituales es saber <strong>c\u00f3mo ejecutar comandos dentro de un contenedor Docker<\/strong> para depurar procesos, revisar logs o verificar configuraciones.<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">Els contenidors Docker han revolucionat la forma en qu\u00e8 els equips d'enginyeria desenvolupen, distribueixen i executen aplicacions. En proporcionar entorns a\u00efllats, homogenis i reprodu\u00efbles, faciliten la gesti\u00f3 de depend\u00e8ncies i la portabilitat entre diferents plataformes. Sens dubte, una de les tasques operatives m\u00e9s habituals \u00e9s saber <strong>com executar ordres dins d'un contenidor Docker<\/strong> per depurar processos, revisar registres o verificar configuracions.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">En esta gu\u00eda t\u00e9cnica completa, exploraremos detalladamente los diferentes m\u00e9todos y par\u00e1metros para ejecutar comandos dentro de un contenedor Docker, tanto de forma interactiva como automatizada mediante scripts.<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">En aquesta guia t\u00e8cnica completa, explorarem detalladament els diferents m\u00e8todes i par\u00e0metres per executar ordres dins d'un contenidor Docker, tant de forma interactiva com automatitzada mitjan\u00e7ant scripts.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">M\u00e9todos principales para ejecutar comandos dentro de un contenedor Docker<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">M\u00e8todes principals per executar ordres dins d'un contenidor Docker<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">La herramienta por excelencia para interactuar con contenedores en ejecuci\u00f3n es el comando nativo <code>docker exec<\/code>. A continuaci\u00f3n, desglosamos las cuatro casu\u00edsticas m\u00e1s frecuentes con ejemplos listos para copiar y ejecutar.<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">L'eina per excel\u00b7l\u00e8ncia per interactuar amb contenidors en execuci\u00f3 \u00e9s l'ordre nativa <code>docker exec<\/code>. A continuaci\u00f3, desglossem les quatre casu\u00edstiques m\u00e9s freq\u00fcents amb exemples llestos per copiar i executar.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">1. Ejecuci\u00f3n interactiva mediante shell en Docker<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">1. Execuci\u00f3 interactiva mitjan\u00e7ant shell a Docker<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">La alternativa m\u00e1s flexible cuando necesitas explorar el sistema de archivos o ejecutar m\u00faltiples \u00f3rdenes consecutivas es abrir una sesi\u00f3n de terminal interactiva dentro del contenedor.<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">L'alternativa m\u00e9s flexible quan necessites explorar el sistema de fitxers o executar m\u00faltiples ordres consecutives \u00e9s obrir una sessi\u00f3 de terminal interactiva dins del contenidor.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">Acceso con Bash o Sh en terminal<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">Acc\u00e9s amb Bash o Sh a la terminal<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">Para abrir un shell interactivo en un contenedor en ejecuci\u00f3n (por ejemplo, denominado <code>mi_contenedor<\/code>), utiliza los modificadores <code>-it<\/code> (modo interactivo y pseudo-TTY):<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">Per obrir un shell interactiu en un contenidor en execuci\u00f3 (per exemple, anomenat <code>mi_contenedor<\/code>), utilitza els modificadors <code>-it<\/code> (mode interactiu i pseudo-TTY):<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>docker exec -it mi_contenedor \/bin\/bash<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">Nota \u00fatil:<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">Nota \u00fatil:<\/span><\/em> <span class=\"syn-lang-es\">En im\u00e1genes ultraligeras basadas en Alpine Linux donde Bash no est\u00e1 instalado, simplemente sustituye <code>\/bin\/bash<\/code> por <code>\/bin\/sh<\/code>.<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">En imatges ultralleugeres basades en Alpine Linux on Bash no est\u00e0 instal\u00b7lat, simplement substitueix <code>\/bin\/bash<\/code> per <code>\/bin\/sh<\/code>.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">2. Ejecuci\u00f3n de comandos \u00fanicos sin sesi\u00f3n interactiva<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">2. Execuci\u00f3 d'ordres \u00faniques sense sessi\u00f3 interactiva<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">En muchas ocasiones, solo requieres consultar el resultado puntual de una instrucci\u00f3n sin necesidad de abrir una terminal permanente. Esto es ideal para scripts de CI\/CD o monitorizaci\u00f3n.<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">En moltes ocasions, nom\u00e9s requereixes consultar el resultat puntual d'una instrucci\u00f3 sense necessitat d'obrir una terminal permanent. Aix\u00f2 \u00e9s ideal per a scripts de CI\/CD o monitoratge.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">Ejecutar comandos puntuales y capturar salida<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">Executar ordres puntuals i capturar sortida<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">Para listar el contenido de un directorio espec\u00edfico dentro del contenedor, ejecuta directamente:<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">Per llistar el contingut d'un directori espec\u00edfic dins del contenidor, executa directament:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>docker exec mi_contenedor ls -la \/app<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">La salida est\u00e1ndar (stdout) se transmitir\u00e1 de inmediato a tu terminal local, permiti\u00e9ndote encadenar filtros con <code>grep<\/code>, <code>awk<\/code> o redirigir el contenido a un fichero de log local.<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">La sortida est\u00e0ndard (stdout) es transmetr\u00e0 d'immediat a la teva terminal local, permetent-te encadenar filtres amb <code>grep<\/code>, <code>awk<\/code> o redirigir el contingut a un fitxer de registre local.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">3. Ejecuci\u00f3n de comandos como usuario espec\u00edfico<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">3. Execuci\u00f3 d'ordres com a usuari espec\u00edfic<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">Por motivos de seguridad y control de permisos, las aplicaciones bien configuradas no deben correr como <code>root<\/code>. Sin embargo, para ciertas tareas de mantenimiento o diagn\u00f3stico, necesitas simular un usuario concreto.<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">Per motius de seguretat i control de permisos, les aplicacions ben configurades no han de c\u00f3rrer com a <code>root<\/code>. Tanmateix, per a certes tasques de manteniment o diagn\u00f2stic, necessites simular un usuari concret.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">El modificador -u (User) en Docker Exec<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">El modificador -u (User) a Docker Exec<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">Para ejecutar una orden bajo la identidad de un usuario existente (por ejemplo, <code>www-data<\/code> o <code>usuario1<\/code>), a\u00f1ade el flag <code>-u<\/code>:<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">Per executar una ordre sota la identitat d'un usuari existent (per exemple, <code>www-data<\/code> o <code>usuario1<\/code>), afegeix el flag <code>-u<\/code>:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>docker exec -u usuario1 mi_contenedor whoami<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">Esta opci\u00f3n resulta indispensable para verificar permisos de escritura sobre vol\u00famenes montados y evitar que se creen ficheros con propietario root inaccesibles para la aplicaci\u00f3n principal.<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">Aquesta opci\u00f3 resulta indispensable per verificar permisos d'escriptura sobre volums muntats i evitar que es cre\u00efn fitxers amb propietari root inaccessibles per a l'aplicaci\u00f3 principal.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">4. Ejecuci\u00f3n de comandos en contenedores detenidos o cerrados<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">4. Execuci\u00f3 d'ordres en contenidors aturats o tancats<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">Si un contenedor ha fallado y se encuentra en estado detenido (Exited), <code>docker exec<\/code> no podr\u00e1 conectarse, ya que requiere un proceso activo. En esos escenarios, dispones de dos soluciones t\u00e9cnicas contrastadas:<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">Si un contenidor ha fallat i es troba en estat aturat (Exited), <code>docker exec<\/code> no podr\u00e0 connectar-s'hi, ja que requereix un proc\u00e9s actiu. En aquests escenaris, disposes de dues solucions t\u00e8cniques contrastades:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">Sobrescribir el Entrypoint con Docker Run<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">Sobreescriure l'Entrypoint amb Docker Run<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">Puedes levantar un contenedor temporal id\u00e9ntico a partir de la misma imagen y montando los mismos vol\u00famenes, pero forzando un shell:<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">Pots aixecar un contenidor temporal id\u00e8ntic a partir de la mateixa imatge i muntant els mateixos volums, per\u00f2 for\u00e7ant un shell:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>docker run --rm -it --entrypoint \/bin\/sh nombre_imagen<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">Inspecci\u00f3n de logs y diagn\u00f3stico forense<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">Inspecci\u00f3 de registres i diagn\u00f2stic forense<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">Antes de reiniciar el contenedor, revisa la traza exacta de error con <code>docker logs mi_contenedor_detenido<\/code>. Esto te permitir\u00e1 identificar si el fallo se debi\u00f3 a dependencias faltantes o memoria insuficiente.<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">Abans de reiniciar el contenidor, revisa la tra\u00e7a exacta d'error amb <code>docker logs el_meu_contenidor_aturat<\/code>. Aix\u00f2 et permetr\u00e0 identificar si la fallada s'ha degut a depend\u00e8ncies que falten o mem\u00f2ria insuficient.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">Buenas pr\u00e1cticas y optimizaci\u00f3n continua<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">Bones pr\u00e0ctiques i optimitzaci\u00f3 cont\u00ednua<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">Dominar la CLI de Docker es el paso preliminar para operar infraestructuras complejas. Para continuar aprendiendo y perfeccionar tu flujo de trabajo, te recomendamos consultar:<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">Dominar la CLI de Docker \u00e9s el pas preliminar per operar infraestructures complexes. Per continuar aprenent i perfeccionar el teu flux de treball, et recomanem consultar:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">Nuestra gu\u00eda con <a href=\"https:\/\/synergia.website\/es_es\/10-consejos-esenciales-para-dominar-docker-y-optimizar-tu-desarrollo\/\">10 consejos esenciales para dominar Docker y optimizar tu desarrollo<\/a>.<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">La nostra guia amb <a href=\"https:\/\/synergia.website\/ca\/10-consejos-esenciales-para-dominar-docker-y-optimizar-tu-desarrollo\/\">10 consells essencials per dominar Docker i optimitzar el teu desenvolupament<\/a>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">Nuestras directrices avanzadas para desplegar <a href=\"https:\/\/synergia.website\/es_es\/docker-en-produccion-mejores-practicas-para-asegurar-el-rendimiento-y-la-estabilidad\/\">Docker en producci\u00f3n con estabilidad y alto rendimiento<\/a>.<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">Les nostres directrius avan\u00e7ades per desplegar <a href=\"https:\/\/synergia.website\/ca\/docker-en-produccion-mejores-practicas-para-asegurar-el-rendimiento-y-la-estabilidad\/\">Docker en producci\u00f3 amb estabilitat i alt rendiment<\/a>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">Para consultar todas las banderas y sintaxis extendida de la herramienta, visita la <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.docker.com\/reference\/cli\/docker\/container\/exec\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">documentaci\u00f3n oficial de Docker Exec<\/a>.<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">Per consultar totes les banderes i sintaxi estesa de l'eina, visita la <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.docker.com\/reference\/cli\/docker\/container\/exec\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">documentaci\u00f3 oficial de Docker Exec<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-border-color is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-d9826925 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"border-color:#ecc600;border-width:2px;border-radius:8px;background-color:#0a0a0a;color:#ffffff;margin-top:30px;margin-bottom:30px;padding:25px\">\n<h3 style=\"color:#ecc600;margin-top:0\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">\u00bfTienes dudas o incidencias t\u00e9cnicas con tus contenedores Docker?<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">Tens dubtes o incid\u00e8ncies t\u00e8cniques amb els teus contenidors Docker?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"color:#e0e0e0\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">Si te encuentras con fallos en producci\u00f3n, problemas de conectividad entre microservicios o permisos de vol\u00famenes, nuestro equipo de ingenieros de sistemas puede conectarse y resolverlo contigo.<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">Si et trobes amb fallades en producci\u00f3, problemes de connectivitat entre microserveis o permisos de volums, el nostre equip d'enginyers de sistemes pot connectar-se i resoldre-ho amb tu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/odoo.synergia.website\/shop\/soporte-tecnico-it-especializado-1-hora-5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"background-color:#ecc600;color:#1e1e1e;padding:12px 24px;border-radius:4px;text-decoration:none;font-weight:700;display:inline-block\"><span class=\"syn-lang-es\">Contratar 1 Hora de Soporte T\u00e9cnico Especializado (30 \u20ac) &rarr;<\/span><span class=\"syn-lang-ca\">Contractar 1 Hora de Suport T\u00e8cnic Especialitzat (30 \u20ac) &rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<script>\n(function() {\n  function checkPostLang() {\n    var isCa = document.body.classList.contains(\"translatepress-ca\") || \n               (document.documentElement.lang && document.documentElement.lang.toLowerCase().indexOf(\"ca\") !== -1) ||\n               window.location.pathname.indexOf(\"\/ca\/\") !== -1;\n    if (isCa) {\n      document.title = \"Com Executar Ordres Dins d'un Contenidor Docker: Guia Completa - Synergia\";\n      var h1 = document.querySelector('h1.entry-title, .syn-post-title, h1');\n      if (h1) h1.innerText = \"Com Executar Ordres Dins d'un Contenidor Docker: Guia Completa\";\n      var metaDesc = document.querySelector('meta[name=\"description\"]');\n      if (metaDesc) metaDesc.setAttribute(\"content\", \"Apr\u00e8n detalladament a executar ordres dins d'un contenidor Docker amb docker exec, obrir shells interactius bash\/sh i gestionar permisos d'usuari.\");\n    }\n  }\n  if (document.readyState === \"loading\") {\n    document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", checkPostLang);\n  } else {\n    checkPostLang();\n  }\n})();\n<\/script>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Los contenedores Docker han revolucionado la forma en que los equipos de ingenier\u00eda desarrollan, distribuyen y ejecutan aplicaciones. Al proporcionar entornos aislados, homog\u00e9neos y reproducibles, facilitan la gesti\u00f3n de dependencias y la portabilidad entre diferentes plataformas. Sin duda, una de las tareas operativas m\u00e1s habituales es saber c\u00f3mo ejecutar comandos dentro de un contenedor Docker [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":247,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-243","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO Pro 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Aprende paso a paso a ejecutar comandos en contenedores Docker activos con docker exec, abrir terminales bash\/sh interactivas y gestionar usuarios.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Synergia\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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